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Battle of Wyoming Valley and Massacre

I believe it is the great Shawnee Chief Tecumseh who said, ‘when whites win, it is a Great Victory, but when the Redman is victorious, it is called a Massacre.’  Defeat or Massacre, it seems, is mostly defined by those who relate their view of facts. On July 3, 1778, in a pristine valley of …

Road to Bunker Hill and General Artemas Ward – America’s First Commander-in-Chief

“Who?”… is the most common response when mentioning Artemas Ward. With the popularity of sixties iconic TV shows, another’s reply might be, “Don’t you mean Artemas Gordon?”…referencing Ross Martin’s sidekick role on the Wild Wild West TV series that ran four seasons starting in 1965. Of course there might be the more smug response, “Oh, …

Battle of Oriskany and Siege of Fort Stanwix

Summer, 1777 – all along New York’s pristine Mohawk River Valley, a cauldron of simmering violence that flamed in sporadic brutality erupted in savage warfare. On August 6th, an American militia of settlers and Oneida warriors, over 800 men ages 16 to 60, from throughout Tryon County, New York, answered the call to arms. With …

Battle For the Delaware River in the American Revolution

From early October to mid-November 1777, the main Continental Army, commanded by General George Washington, and main British Army, commanded by General William Howe, were locked in a desperate, on-going battle for control of the Delaware River. For the British and their allies, they would suffer the second largest number of casualties throughout the war …

Top 10 American Revolution Reenactment Photos-Numbers 6-10

Revolutoinary War Journal is published by Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution. Article Features Photographer Ken Bohrer of American Revolution Photos It is a pleasure to offer Ken Bohrer, University Educator and Renowned Photographer of American Revolution Reenactments this platform to begin sharing some …

American Revolution Officer Commissions: Money, Not Merit Mattered Most

By Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution. Scholars have agreed that 18th century regular troops, the private and non-commissioned soldiers who stood firmly while massed musketry tore through their ranks, expected to be led by officers of society’s gentry. It was believed that these …

Early History of Veterinary Medicine & Colonial Animal Caregivers

By Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution. Veterinary medicine owes much to mankind’s infatuation with the horse that helped finance and advance its development from amateur status to scientific discovery. It also benefited from strides in human medicine, in sorts, becoming a sister that …

Ferry Boats of Colonial America

By Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution.  Rivers that were too wide to construct a bridge (or too expensive), yet needed to be crossed to populate the new world’s wilderness and countryside provided the earliest setters with commercial potential. As these rural and soon …

December 1776: Washington and the Continental Army in Crisis

By Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution. “A thick cloud of darkness and gloom covered the land and despair was seen in almost every countenance…” an officer in the Continental Army, December, 1776. Another wrote, “…strong apprehensions are entertained that the British will soon …

Washington’s Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase

By Harry Schenawolf, author of the Shades of Liberty Series about African American soldiers in the American Revolution. Once Fort Washington fell on November 16, 1776, Washington’s army was still divided into three sections. General Charles Lee, second in command, remained at North Castle, New York, Westchester County, where the main army had withdrawn nine …